RSS and Christianity in India: Cultural Coexistence and National Identity

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh views India as one of the most ancient civilisations, united through a shared culture that has endured despite centuries of historical upheaval. According to this perspective, India has always accommodated a wide range of religious beliefs and practices within a common cultural framework.

RSS explains that Hindu society has never been defined by a single form of worship. It includes believers, non believers, image worshippers, reformists, and even materialists, all bound together by attachment to the land, its history, and its cultural inheritance. Christianity, while present in India for centuries, is viewed as a religious tradition that has not yet fully integrated itself into this broader cultural framework.

Religion and National Unity

RSS places strong emphasis on the distinction between religious belief and national loyalty. According to this view, every individual is free to follow their chosen faith, but religious identity should not challenge national unity, integrity, or social harmony.

The organisation refers to the trauma of India’s partition as a historical reminder of how religion, when placed above national consciousness, can lead to division and suffering. From this standpoint, RSS argues that the position of religion in public life must be carefully balanced with the larger interests of the nation.

Christianity and the Historical Context

RSS acknowledges the long presence of Christianity in India but also points to the historical association of missionary activity with colonial rule. According to this view, missionary expansion during British rule created suspicion by linking religious conversion with political power and foreign influence.

The organisation distinguishes between respect for Jesus Christ and criticism of institutional practices of the Church. Teachings of Christ are described as worthy of reverence, while organised conversion efforts are viewed with concern, particularly when carried out among vulnerable sections of society.

Conversion and Social Tension

RSS states that voluntary change of faith driven by genuine spiritual conviction is not objected to. However, mass conversions influenced by inducement, pressure, or exploitation are seen as harmful to social cohesion.

According to this perspective, conversion campaigns have often created cultural disruption and political imbalance, especially in sensitive regions. Such developments are viewed not only as religious issues but also as challenges to national unity.

Respect for Faith, Not Religious Domination

RSS maintains that Indian tradition does not promote proselytisation. Instead, it encourages individuals to pursue truth through their chosen path without imposing beliefs on others.

The organisation stresses that respect for all faiths is essential for coexistence. However, respect does not imply acceptance of practices that undermine cultural continuity or national integrity.

National Belonging Above Religious Identity

RSS emphasises that Indian Christians are citizens of the nation with full rights and responsibilities. Their participation in national life is welcomed when aligned with the shared cultural and national interest.

According to this view, true coexistence is achieved when religious practice strengthens social harmony rather than creating division. National identity is presented as the common thread that binds all communities together.

This perspective reflects RSS’s broader emphasis on cultural unity, historical continuity, and national responsibility in understanding Christianity’s place in India.